Solid State Communications
Considering the image potential, we calculate the binding energies of a shallow donor impurity placed on the centre of a quantum box using the variational approach. The results we have obtained show that there is a great difference of the effects of image potential between the cases including impurity ion image potential and including the image potentials of impurity ion and electron simultaneously. The results also show that the image potential is important, especially when the dimensions of quantum box become small.
关键词:
well;gaas-ga1-xalxas;states
L. H. Lang
,
D. C. Kang
,
S. H. Zhang
,
Z. R. Wang
,
S. J. Yuan
,
K. B. Nielsen and J. Dancket 1) Department of Materials Engineering
,
Harbin Institute of Technology
,
Harbin 150001
,
China 2) Aalberg University
,
Denmark
金属学报(英文版)
In this paper, the forming features of tapered rectangular box during hydrodynamic deep drawing are studied by means of FEM.The effect rules of square blank corner corner amount on body wrinkling are recognized and corresponding methods are discussed. At last, the results of FEM are verified by experi- ment.
关键词:
sheet metal forming
,
null
,
null
Qunqiang FU
材料科学技术（英）
At first, a series of finite element method (FEM) simulation tests were used to find the critical forming conditions of hot-galvanized sheet steel during the rectangular box drawing processing when constant blank holder forces were applied. According the test results, the reasonable alteration scope of initial variable blank holder force (VBHF) was as 1.9~2.3 T. Then, based on the test productions of blank holder force, 12 typical VBHF curves were applied to perform the simulation tests by the simulation software of DYNAFORM. The simulation test results showed that VBHF had great effects on drawing formability of hot-galvanized sheet steel during the rectangular box drawing. However, the different VBHF curves were applied to control the whole drawing and it would get great different effects. At the same tine, the VBHF had great effects on the maximum thick thinning ratio, but had little effect on the maximum thick incrassation ratio. So, reasonable application of the VBHF would greatly decrease the fractures. When the VBHF profile is taken as curve L, the best effect of drawing formability could be obtained. When curve I is used, contrary effect could be gotten. The other types of curves would cause effects between above two types of VBHF curves. Finally, the actual tests were applied to check the validity of the FEM simulation tests. The results show that the FEM simulation tests are good ways for predicting and optimizing the VBHF.
关键词:
Drawing process
,
变压边力
,
热镀锌钢板
张广俊
,
龙思远
,
曹凤红
材料导报
对AZ81镁舍金铸锭进行(390±10)℃×15h的固溶处理后,在400℃进行挤压,挤压比为32∶1,研究其组织和力学性能.结果表明,挤压AZ81镁合金具有较细的晶粒组织,第二相Mg17Al12被破碎,其分布变得弥散,个别呈流线分布;挤压AZ81镁合金比铸造AZ81镁合金的力学性能有较大提高,其屈服强度为221.6MPa,抗拉强度为311.5MPa,伸长率为14.2%.其挤压态断口表现出明显的塑性断裂特征.
关键词:
AZ81
,
镁合金
,
挤压
,
微观组织
,
性能
张聪正
,
廖慧敏
,
曾明
,
杨刚
,
刘杨
材料热处理学报
采用自制装置对AZ81镁合金进行压入蠕变实验,通过建立稳态压入蠕变本构模型分析合金的蠕变机制,利用扫描电镜（SEM）和X射线衍射（XRD）等方法研究合金蠕变前后的组织和成分。结果表明：压铸AZ81合金在稳态蠕变阶段的应力指数n为2.08,蠕变激活能QC为87.26 kJ/mol;蠕变诱导β相首先由非连续方式析出,到达一定程度后连续析出;沿晶界析出的β相导致合金抗蠕变性能降低;蠕变温度越高,基体和析出相的晶粒尺寸越大;压铸AZ81合金的压入蠕变机制为晶界扩散主导的位错交滑移运动。
关键词:
压铸AZ81合金
,
压入蠕变
,
激活能
,
应力指数
廖慧敏
,
曾明
,
龙思远
材料热处理学报
在380℃,应变速率为0.03 s-1的变形条件下,对AZ81及AZ81E镁合金进行不同变形量的模压试验.通过XRD、SEM及EBSD对微观组织织构进行测定,分析了不同变形程度下挤压铸造AZ81和AZ81E镁合金形变机制.结果表明,随着变形量增大,晶粒尺寸明显细化并趋于一致,合金的晶粒取向发生了明显的转动.AZ81合金的(10 (1)0)、(11 (2)0)和(11 (2)2)晶面在模压过程出现择优取向;在变形量超过40％后,合金内出现少量弥散的絮状β-Mg17Al12相动态析出;在60％变形量时基本为完全动态再结晶组织,(0001)基面织构强度明显增加,并逐渐趋于与压缩轴成90°方向.稀土元素RE的加入,合金的(10 (1)0)、(11 (2)0)、(11(2)2)和(20 (2)1)晶面在模压过程中出现了不同的择优取向,稀土相从离散态转变为带条状分布,形态由粗大针状转化为细化的颗粒状;(0001)基面的织构取向增大,在40％变形量时提前完成动态再结晶;变形量继续增大时,(0001)基面与压缩轴偏转一定角度,基面织构出现显著弱化,晶粒开始破碎并形成明显的带状形貌.
关键词:
镁合金
,
AZ81
,
AZ81E
,
等温模压
,
显微组织
,
织构
Insup Lee
,
Kwang-Ho Jeong
材料科学技术（英）
Plasma nitrocarburizing and plasma oxidizing treatments were performed to improve the wear and corrosion resistance of SKD 61 steel. Plasma nitrocarburizing was conducted for 12 h at 540℃ in the nitrogen, hydrogen and methane atmosphere to produce the ε-Fe2–3 (N,C) phase. The compound layer produced by plasma nitrocarburising was predominantly composed of ε-phase, with a small proportion of γ′-Fe4(N,C) phase. The thickness of the compound layer and the diffusion layer are about 10 μm and about 200 μm, respectively. Plasma post oxidation was performed on the nitrocarburized samples with various oxygen/hydrogen ratio at constant temperature of 500℃ for 1 h. The very thin magnetite (Fe3O4) layer of 1–2 μm in thickness on top of the compound layer was obtained. Anodic polarization test revealed that plasma nitrocarburizing process contributed a significant improvement of corrosion resistance of SKD 61 steel. However, the corrosion characteristics of the nitrocarburized compound layer was deteriorated by oxidation treatment.
关键词:
Plasma nitrocarburizing
,
null
,
null
,
null
,
null
,
null
,
null
Lixing HUO
,
Furong CHEN
,
Yufeng ZHANG
,
Li ZHANG
,
Fangjun LIU
,
Gang CHEN
材料科学技术（英）
The electron beam local post-weld heat treatment (EBLPWHT) is a rather new method that provides the advantages of high precision, flexibility and efficiency, energy saving and higher productivity. This paper studies the effect of two post-weld heat treatment processes on the microstructure, mechanical properties and fracture toughness of an electron beam welded joints in 30CrMnSiNi2A steel. EBLPWHT, in a vacuum chamber, immediately after welding and a traditional furnace whole post-weld heat treatment (FWPWHT) were compared. The experimental results show that, after EBLPWHT treatment, the main microstructure of weld was changed from coarse acicular martensite into lath martensite, HAZ was changed from lath martensite, bainite into lower bainite, and base metal was changed from ferrite and pearlite into upper bainite and residual austenite. The microstructures of different zones of joints in FWPWHT condition were tempered sorbite. The properties of welded joints can be improved by the EBLPWHT in some extent, and especially largely for the fracture toughness of welded joints. However the value of fracture toughness of base metal is comparatively low, so appropriate heat treatment parameters should be explored in the future.
关键词:
Post-weld heat treatment
,
null
,
null
,
null
Carbon
A combined in situ and post-synthesis gas phase oxidation approach for selective removal of metallic single-walled carbon nanotubes (m-SWCNTs) is reported. The in situ oxidation is performed by introducing a small amount of oxygen during the synthesis of SWCNTs by floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition, and the post-synthesis oxidation is conducted by heat-treating the synthesized SWCNTs in air at 400 C. A combination of characterization techniques shows that m-SWCNTs were selectively removed as a result of their higher reactive activity to oxygen compared to semiconducting SWCNTs, and the diameter distribution of the SWCNTs is narrowed to a range of 1.5-2.0 nm. The mechanism of the combined in situ and post-synthesis oxidation approach is discussed. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
关键词:
field-effect transistors;preferential destruction;absorption-spectroscopy;fluorescence;irradiation;separation
